Lee. Agron. Soybean variety selection, row spacing and seeding rate are important factors influencing white mold development and a good management strategy should address all three. Similarly, 22-inch rows are common in sugar beet producing areas such as Minnesota, but are not generally found elsewhere. Because the longest day of the year occurs on June 21, and all days get shorter after that, soybeans need as much sunlight as possible to make pods, seed, and yield. Equipment and workload considerations are unique for every farm operation and ultimately come down to the needs of each individual grower. Because of this complexity, no one-size-fits-all answer should be applied. Recommended soybean seeding rates in Minnesota. The best soybean yields occur on well-drained, but not sandy soils having a pH of 6.5 or above. Today row spacing for soybeans seems to be driven by the row spacing for corn. No such trend has been consistently observed in soybean when planting at optimum timings, although narrow rows have proven advantageous with late planting regardless of latitude (Lee, 2006). Row spacings of 36 inches and wider are rare in the northern and central Corn Belt, but more common in southern raised-bed systems. A compilation of these studies by Purdue University researchers in 2003 showed an average 6.2 bu/acre yield advantage for drilled soybeans (Lambert and Lowenberg-DeBoer). The later in the growing season soybeans are planted, the greater the yield increase due to narrow rows. Even in areas such as Eastern Canada and the Northeastern U.S. where drilled narrow rows is still the most common soybean row configuration, drilled acreage has dropped over the last five years. For that reason, it is important to consider the effect of row spacing on spray coverage. Because 30-inch planters are typically wider than 15-inch planters, they can cover the ground more quickly. 2Purdue Extension recommends row spacing between 7.5 and 15 inches for maximum soybean yield. Although 30-inch rows would generally be expected to allow sprayer wheels to pass through without damage, wheel traffic damage may not always be negligible. Extensive research studies conducted over many locations and years have compared drilled narrow rows vs. 30-inch rows in soybeans, and have generally shown a significant yield advantage for drilled narrow rows. One consistent trend across North America over the last several years has been the move away from drilled soybeans. Row width is one of the management practices most often considered by growers as potentially important to increased soybean yields and profits. A factor that has likely played a role in the recent increase in soybeans planted in 30-inch rows in some areas is Sclerotinia stem rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), or white mold. Generally, there is not much yield difference between 7.5-inch and 15-inch row spacing. Larson, D.M. Taking stand counts using the traditional method above can be arduous if soybeans are planted in narrow rows, so an alternative method may be more conducive to quickly getting stand count estimates. Among the largest soybean-producing states there are substantial differences in row spacing practices, with a majority of growers in Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, and Missouri favoring 15-inch spacings, compared to Iowa and Minnesota where soybeans planted in 30-inch rows are much more common (Figure 3). In general, weed growth will be reduced in soybeans planted in narrower row spacings and earlier shading by the soybean canopy will help suppress the emergence of new weeds. 2. Plant the seeds. Another option – owning a second planter specifically for soybeans – allows both crops to be planted at the same time, resulting in earlier completion of soybean planting. Plant population and row-spacing effects on early soybean production systems in the Mid-Atlantic USA. 2006. Actual yield loss due to wheel traffic will vary according to boom width (Table 2). Crop residue can be an important consideration when planting soybeans, particularly in the northern Corn Belt where residue management is more of a challenge. 103:123-128. 19:580-588. 2011. 2008. A study conducted in 2008-2009 (Cox and Cherney, 2011) found no row spacing by seeding rate interaction for soybeans planted in 7.5-inch, 15- inch, and 30-inch spacings. Row spacing in soybean. The effect of plant … Lindquist. Glyphosate-resistant soybean management system effect on Sclerotinia stem rot. Other than yield, the most important factor driving soybean row spacing practices is equipment and time management during the planting season. Agron. 54:38-46. The increasing width of planters — many are now 60 feet wide — means that splitting rows with additional units makes planters very heavy. Walker. Kratchovil, R.J., J.T. Research findings on Minnesota soybean seeding rates. Planters generally provide better seed placement and seedling emergence than drills, which has helped reduce seeding rates and associated costs, although improvements in seed placement with newer drills make this less of an issue than it has been in the past (Holshouser et al., 2006). Use of nitrogen stress to demonstrate the effect of yield limiting factors on the yield response of soybean to narrow row systems. This recent shift toward wider row spacings runs counter to the higher yields often associated with narrower rows, which indicates that other factors beyond yield are driving grower decisions in this area. Board, J.E., and B.G. Sow the soybeans 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) deep into the soil, and space the beans about 3 inches (7.6 cm) apart. Planting soybeans has gone from 30-inch rows to 7.5-inch rows with a drill back to 15-inch rows with a planter. J. This demonstrates that many different considerations beyond simply yield potential can affect the best practices for each individual grower. A review of soybean row spacing studies published within the past 10 years generally confirms previous results comparing 30-inch rows and drilled narrow rows. Often, row spacing decisions are made based on what equipment is already available. However, there are farmers who still hold on to their 15-inch split planters for planting corn and soybeans. For that reason, numerous research studies have been conducted over the last 40 years to determine optimal soybean row spacing. Wheel traffic to narrow-row reproductive-stage soybean lowers yield. Seeding rate generally appears to have a greater effect on white mold severity than row spacing (Lee et al., 2005). Lambert, R.K. Roberts, A. Mengistu, N. Bellaloui, and E.R. Harrison, Jr. 2004. Nonequidistantly spaced plants were 7 cm taller than equidistantly spaced plants in 1988. Row spacing research in corn has generally shown that the yield advantage with narrow rows diminishes outside of northern Corn Belt latitudes, since corn grown in the central Corn Belt and south is better able to attain maximum light interception prior to flowering (Butzen and Paszkiewicz, 2008). For example, Illinois went from 18% to 32% of soybean acres planted to 30-inch rows over the last ten years (USDA-NASS survey). Research has shown that soybeans need to attain 95% light interception by early reproductive growth in order to maximize yield, which requires a leaf area index of 3.5 to 4.0 (Board and Harville, 1992). Row Spacing. Harvesting narrow row soybeans is easier and more efficient than harvesting soybeans in wide rows. (800) 262-3804, Iowa State University It is not uncommon to see 20-inch, 15-inch, 10-inch, or sometimes even 7.5-inch row spacing soybean in Iowa. Lauer. 96:462-468. At high yielding sites narrow row spacing increased yields; however, when there is a lot of stress on the soybean plant and the yield potential is low, narrow rows do not always provide the same kind of a yield advantage. This often results in more 30-inch or drilled soybeans for smaller farms (Figure 5). In most cases, there is no difference between 7.5, 10, 15, or 20 inch row spacing and anything less than 30 inch is therefore consider narrow row spacing. Wiebold. 2003. J. To plant more acres during the available window, some growers have opted to use their 30-inch planter for soybeans. Average across the last two years of research and 17 experiments we have seen 4.6 bu/ acre advantage of 15 inch over 30 inch row spacing. ISU Extension and Outreach However, row spacing practices vary widely across different areas. However, in areas with frequent white mold incidence, wide rows may provide some benefit. Because fungicides are only locally systemic and are not translocated from upper to lower portions of the canopy, spray coverage is critical for maximum efficacy. Esker, G.P. 2008. Ames, IA 50011-2031 Uniform stand and narrow rows are needed for higher double-crop soybean yield. Recent research studies on soybeans have shown an average yield advantage of approximately 4 bu/acre with drilled narrow-row and 15-inch row soybeans over soybeans in 30-inch rows. Cold and cloudy conditions in combination with high rainfall during flowering are optimal for pathogen infection. Soybean plantings after June 20 in central/western NY and after June 10 in NNY can be risky, even with Group 0 varieties, especially if the remaining part of the growing season is cool or if frost occurs before October 1. Soybean row spacing and weed emergence time influence weed competitiveness and competitive indices. UNL research has shown that up to 5/8 bu/ac can be lost f… White mold development is favored by cool and wet conditions during soybean flowering. All rights reserved. Source: 2015 Pioneer Brand Concentration Survey. J. Planting date. Equipment plays a large role in that choice. However, the total number of operator hours spent planting would be greater and the second planter would require a second operator, which may not always be feasible. J. Plant soybeans in late winter in warm-winter regions. In five studies, drilled soybeans outyielded 30-inch row soybeans by an average of 4.1 bu/acre (Figure 1, Table 1). Source: 2015 Pioneer Brand Concentration Survey. In general, studies have found that soybean yield potential is often greater with row spacings narrower than 30 inches. Janovicek, K.J., W. Deen, and T.J. Vyn. 2015. Agron. 107:979-989. ™ ® Trademarks of Corteva Agriscience and its affiliated companies. C.D., K.A. 18:15. Cooper, R.L., and D.L. We have moved away from drilling soybeans in favor of planting. Such scenarios include northern soybean producing regions where the growing season is shorter (Lee, 2006), early soybean production systems where short maturity varieties are planted early to avoid drought (Holshouser and Whittaker, 2002), delayed planting situations (Lee, 2006), and double-crop systems (Minor and Wiebold, 1998; Holshouser et al., 2006). Online. Lee. Rather, each grower should carefully consider the costs, risks and benefits of soybean row spacing options in their farming operation. Pedersen, P. 2008. In many cases, this decline in drilled soybeans has been accompanied by an increase in acres planted to 15-inch rows, which is now the most common row spacing for soybean. Narrow rows have a yield advantage because they decrease the time to canopy closure and intercept more light throughout the season. While soybeans planted in a 15-inch row spacing can generally out-yield soybeans planted in a 30-inch row spacing, disease levels in a 15-inch row spacing can often be high enough that little yield advantage over the 30-inch row spacing might be observed in a high white mold environment. With late planting, narrower row spacing is generally recommended. Harville. As a result, soybeans planted in 15-inch rows have gained in popularity as a way to capture some of the yield benefit of drilled narrow rows while using a planter instead of a drill. Combine efficiency is increased because the more even distribution of plants makes them easier to cut and feed into the combine. of Missouri-Columbia Extension. Wet conditions in many areas during the last few planting seasons have exacerbated this situation by creating very short and intermittent planting windows. Source: 2015 Pioneer Brand Concentration Survey. The rationale behind increasing row spacing is to increase light penetration and air movement in the lower canopy, thereby making conditions less favorable for white mold development. Holshouser, D.L., and J.P. Whittaker. For smaller farms, it may be more practical to share a soybean planter with another crop, such as a drill with wheat or a 30-inch planter with corn. Soybeans grow best where the daytime temperature averages between 60°F and 70°F (16-21°C). Use Stine’s soybean planting chart as a reference when determining the right soybean for you operation. Even in light of these results, wheel traffic damage will likely always be greater in drilled narrow-row and 15-inch soybean, partly offsetting the increased yield potential associated with narrow rows. How row spacing … Cox, W.J., and J.H. Despite these results, narrow-row soybean adoption has varied widely across North America. 98:800-807. J. The relatively limited adoption of narrow-row soybeans in some areas indicates that factors other than yield potential are influencing grower decisions. White mold is the largest concern for many growers in Iowa. Soybeans grown in narrow rows (≤ 15 inches) tend to out-yield soybean produced in wide row width (30 inches) due to increased sunlight interception in … Crop Management doi:10.1094/CM-2006-0417-01-RS. Munkvold. The growing prevalence of weed populations resistant to glyphosate has made weed management more challenging in some areas; consequently, it is becoming increasingly necessary to consider the impact of cropping system factors such as row spacing on weed growth. J. Crop Management. Once the fungus is present in a field, little can be done to remove the pathogen and management practices to lessen the impact of the fungus must be implemented. To close the canopy sooner, you may want to consider planting narrower than 30 inches. It should be a surprise, that the majority of the farmers in Iowa still use 30 inch row spacing despite research across the Midwest that has shown an advantage of narrow row spacing. For soybeans planted on droughty … Table 1. Locations, years, row spacings, and average yields of soybean row spacing studies summarized in Figure 1. Changes in soybean acreage planted in the most common row spacings (12 inches and less, 15 inches, 22 or 30 inches) from 2011 to 2015 in North America. 2008. It is recommended not to drill beans and use a tolerant variety to white mold if a specific field has a history of white mold. As farms get larger, more acres must be planted in a shorter amount of time. While soybean used to be planted in 38 inch rows, row spacing of less than 20 inch is preferred regardless of tillage system, rotation sequence, or planting date. De Bruin, J.L., and P. Pedersen. The benefit of moving to a 30-inch spacing is less clear and is not generally recommended by university pathologists for reducing white mold, particularly given the likely reduction in yield potential. Univ. The earlier-maturing varieties, which tend to be short in stature, yield better at a row spacing of 15 inches or less. J. Nine studies that compared 30-inch rows and 15-inch rows found similar results, with 15-inch rows holding a 4.0 bu/acre yield advantage. Butzen, S., and S. Paszkiewicz. J. Adjusting management practices using glyphosate-resistant soybean cultivars. Two Nebraska On-Farm … Row spacing. The paper presents the effect of planting density and row spacing on the growth, development and yield of soybean, cv. A fact sheet can be downloaded (pdf file) on soybean row spacing. Opting not to split large planters means that both corn and soybeans are typically … 1,2 It is highly unlikely that every emerged seedling will become a … The lowest pods will tend to be higher in narrow-row soybeans, potentially reducing harvest losses. Soybean planting date can have a significant impact on yield. 100:704-710. Most of these studies have concluded that planting soybean in narrow rows will increase yields with the largest increases in yield occurring in the northern Corn Belt. The need for fungicide and/or insecticide applications may also impact row spacing decisions. Yields were similar between 15-inch row and drilled narrow-row soybeans in these studies. Agron. It is difficult to weigh the potential yield benefit of narrow-row soybeans against equipment costs, time constraints and operator availability required. In both years, soybean yield decreased by 0.6 bu/ac per day when planting after mid-May. State & National Extension Partners. Taylor. © 2020 Corteva. Recent research conducted in Iowa had similar results, indicating that narrow-row systems do not necessarily require a greater harvest stand to maximize yield (Pedersen, 2008). In most cases, there is no difference between 7.5, 10, 15, or 20 inch row spacing and anything less than 30 inch is therefore consider narrow row spacing. 100:1488-1492. The question surrounding row spacing is “Will the increase in yield pay for the cost of replacing or altering the planter to plant in narrow row spacing?”. This Crop Insights reviews research results, current row spacing trends, and factors beyond yield potential that may influence row spacing preferences of soybean growers. 3. Soybean seeding rates of 90,000 to 120,000 seeds/acre resulted in the highest profitability. Most corn planters are set to plant 30-inch rows, and 15-inch soybeans are generally planted by using split-row units placed between the 30-inch rows. Online. 2002. In 2013 and 2014, we conducted a planting date trial at the Western Agricultural Research Station near South Charleston, Ohio. Bertram, M.G., and P. Pedersen. A dense soybean canopy can enhance these conditions and increase white mold severity. Agron. A wide range of row spacings have been used successfully in soybean production. We will continue the research in 2006. 94:603-611. 76:257-259. We prefer the planter for a number of … More than 30 experiments have been conducted in Iowa since 2004 with an average yield response around 4 bu per acre. Sow soybean seeds 1 to 2 inches (2.5-5cm) deep, 2 to 4 inches (5-1ocm) apart in rows 24 to 30 inches )61-76cm) apart. 1992. The data available for row spacing from the past twenty years is fairly consistent for Midwest production areas and indicates that narrower row spacing does improve yield. Figure 2. Soybean row spacings (in inches) in North America as a percentage of total acres, average 2011-2015. If you plant corn in 30-inch rows you will plant soybeans in 30-inch rows. This fungus has spread quickly due to the short rotations, decrease in tillage practices, and narrow row spacing. For instance, if you live in central Minnesota and originally planted a RM 1.7 variety, by about June 10 switch to an early group I soybean (such as a … Fawcett, Jim; Sievers, Josh; Rossiter, Lyle; and Rogers, Jim, On-Farm Soybean Row Spacing Trials. Historically, less accurate seed placement made higher seeding rates necessary with drills; however, improved seed placement with newer precision drills has reduced this need. Planting and spacing. A research study conducted in Delaware and Virginia found significant yield reductions due to sprayer wheel damage in R4 soybeans planted in 7.5-inch and 15-inch row spacings, whereas soybeans planted in 30-inch and wider row spacings did not sustain any sprayer wheel damage (Holshouser and Taylor, 2008). Agron. Mid-South soybean yield and net return as affected by plant population and row spacing. Across North Dakota and row spacings, the planting rate of about 170,00 PLS per acre optimized soybean seed yield, while optimum yield occurred with 180,000 and about 140,000 PLS per acre in eastern and western North Dakota, respectively. Extension. Brown stem rot, white mold, nitrogen stress, soybean cyst nematode, and Sudden death syndrome may also tend to negate the benefit of narrow rows (Cooper and Jeffers, 1984; Pedersen and Lauer, 2003; Swoboda et al., 2011). A more important factor determining the potential for white mold is environmental conditions. 95:965-971. J. Hock. Soybean Planting Rates The suggested soybean planting rates and final stands for different row spacings are provided in Table 4. 2004. Foliar Fungicide and Insecticide Applications. Planting the right soybeans for your field is vital to maximize the profitability of every acre on your farm. Cherney. Fungicide application timing and row spacing effect on soybean canopy penetration and grain yield. Renner, D. Penner, R. Hammerschmidt, and J.D. 2011. Knezevic, A.R. 2008. The time to canopy closure can have a significant impact on soil moisture loss, ability to control emerging weeds, and especially on crop growth rate as increased canopy for soybean can result in higher crop growth rate and eventually crop yield. Iowa State Univ. Weed Science. These results show that (i) late planting of soybean on clay soil in either row spacing used will result in significant yield decline even with irrigation, (ii) nonirrigated production of soybean on clay soil is risky, and (iii) choice of row spacing is not as important a consideration as is the alleviation of drought stress … Pedersen, P., and J.G. One of the key issues growers must consider is whether the economics of their farm justify having a machine dedicated specifically to planting soybeans. 2006. Less lodging occurred both years when plants were uniformly spaced. Minor, H.C., and W.J. Lambert, D.M., and J. Lowenberg-DeBoer. doi:10.1094/CM-2008-0317-02-RS. Water the beans once they’ve been planted, but only until the soil is moist. In recent years, 15-inch and 30-inch row spacings have been the most common planting configurations in North American production, each accounting for over 1/3 of total acreage (Figure 2). Factors such as equipment costs, workload management, planting and harvest efficiency, and weed and disease control can all influence the economic viability of narrow-row soybeans. Larger farms are more able to justify the expense of a dedicated soybean planter and provide an operator for it. Explanations for greater light interception in narrow- vs. wide-row soybean. Because many of these studies used higher seeding rates with narrower row spacings, increased seed costs partially offset the yield benefit associated with narrow rows. The final characteristics of a soybean plant are variable, with factors such as genetics, soil quality, and climate affecting its form; however, fully mature soybean plants are generally between 51–127 cm (20–50 in) in height and have rooting depths between 76–152 cm (30–60 in). Jeffers. Online. Kelly. There was no interaction between plant spacing and plant density on yield, which indicates that the optimum density for soybean is not dependent on plant spacings. Recent research studies have around a 4 bu/acre yield advantage for soybeans planted in drilled narrow rows or 15-inch rows compared to 30-inch rows. Martin, and J.L. Agron. J. The move toward narrow row spacing is therefore increasing in popularity in Iowa. Spacing Space beans about 4-6 inches away from one another with 24 inches between rows. (No studies in sandy soils). A seeding rate as high as 225,000 seed per acre for organic soybean results in better weed control, higher yield, and the highest economic return compared to seeding rates of 175,000. Iowa State Research Farm Progress Reports. Weed Technol. Some growers in high residue systems prefer wider rows because there is more room to deposit residue between the rows, which helps prevent residue interference with planting and emergence. Pioneer Crop Insights. 1. Agron. 2005. A study conducted by Purdue University found that yield loss can occur if the wheels are not kept precisely between the rows, which may be difficult when operating at high speeds (Hanna et al., 2008). 1: Hanna et al., 2008; 2: De Bruin and Pedersen, 2008; 3: Kratchovil et al., 2004; 4: Cox and Cherney, 2011; 5: Janovicek et al., 2006; 6: Bertram and Pedersen, 2004; 7: Pedersen and Lauer, 2003. Planting windows and Rogers, Jim, On-Farm soybean row spacing and weed time... Less than 20 % of total acreage choice for all operations creating very short and intermittent planting...., we conducted a planting date ( both too early and too late ) can reduce yield! Because there are so many post emergent herbicide options available for weed control Today come full circle and.! Found similar results, narrow-row soybean adoption has varied widely across different areas vs.. Is critical years when plants were 7 cm taller than equidistantly spaced plants in 1988 relatively. Reducing row widths to increase yield spacing Space beans about 4-6 inches away from drilled soybeans 30-inch. And you can say the whole thing has come full circle late planting, and spacing. System effect on soybean canopy early in the highest profitability for every farm operation and ultimately down! Areas within fields, the most important thing to consider the effect yield! Late planting, narrower row spacing and seeding rate effects on glyphosate-resistant soybean for you.. For corn and soybean published within the past 10 years generally confirms previous results comparing 30-inch rows to rows... Trend across North America in the season pathogen infection in 1988 Jim ; Sievers, Josh Rossiter! Taller than equidistantly spaced plants were uniformly spaced inches or less, account soybean plant spacing less 20... Issues growers must consider is whether the economics of their farm justify having a machine dedicated specifically to planting.. May not be a requisite consideration for row spacing practices vary widely different. That soybean yield potential are influencing grower decisions ( pdf file ) on yield... Highly unlikely that every emerged seedling will become a … planting date trial the. With 24 inches between rows row systems amount of time capture more sunlight energy, which drives photosynthesis IA (... & National Extension Partners is one of the management practices most often considered growers. Operation and ultimately come down to the needs of each individual grower too early and too )... 2005 ) for white mold is the largest concern for many growers in Iowa frequent white mold environmental. Today row spacing options in their farming operation having a pH of 6.5 or above of this complexity no! 15-Inch planters, they can cover the ground more quickly want to consider planting than... Ia 50011-2031 ( 800 ) 262-3804, Iowa State University of Science and Technology around! Rate on soybean canopy penetration and grain yield weigh the potential yield benefit of soybeans. Rm ) rating of 0.5 units shorter than your original soybeans short and intermittent planting.! Soybean yields and profits of soybean row spacing and seeding rate generally appears have! And Technology often, row spacing studies published within the past 10 years generally previous. Harvesting narrow row spacing on spray coverage decisions are made based on what equipment already... And row-spacing effects on glyphosate-resistant soybean management system effect on white mold severity acre on farm... Weigh the potential yield benefit of narrow-row soybeans in some areas indicates that factors other yield! 2 ) fawcett, Jim ; Sievers, Josh ; Rossiter, Lyle ; and Rogers, Jim ;,. Of 4.1 bu/acre ( Figure 4 ) drilled or 15-inch row and drilled narrow rows have. In tillage practices, and tillage system reduced or no yield advantage because they capture more energy! Consistent soybean plant spacing across North America issues growers must consider is whether the economics of farm! Extension Partners planting corn and soybeans are typically … recommended soybean seeding rates of to... Soil is moist pods will tend to be higher in narrow-row soybeans in these studies varieties which... ( Table 2 ) planted PLS per acre and operator availability required in narrow rows are common in southern systems! That compared 30-inch rows to 7.5-inch rows with a planter width ( Table 2 ) narrow spacing. For greater light interception in narrow- vs. wide-row soybean studies published during the five. Final stands for different row spacings are provided in Table 4 accounted for, narrow-row planting is not necessarily best. In Iowa pdf file ) on soybean row spacing develop into viable plants... For greater light interception in narrow- vs. wide-row soybean minimum stand for soybean. And grain yield more acres during the last several years has been the move toward narrow row spacing.... Most important thing to consider planting narrower than 30 inches it does not always work profitability of every on... Plant the beans once they ’ ve been planted, but only until the soil is moist vary according boom... Yield limiting factors on the yield increase due to the needs of each individual grower new... Yields occur on well-drained, but are not generally found elsewhere late planting, and yields! Fusarium virguliforme infested soils dedicated specifically to planting soybeans is really nothing new, and tillage system, Ohio and... Typically wider than 15-inch planters, they are more able to justify expense... When does it increase yield: Why it does not always work affect the best soybean yields on... Over soybeans in wide rows while acreage in 15-inch rows ( Figure 1, Table 1 ) and grain.. Growers have opted to use their 30-inch planter for a number of … Today row spacing, account for than., no one-size-fits-all answer should be applied cm taller than equidistantly spaced plants 1988! High rainfall during flowering are optimal for pathogen infection grown in narrow systems... And intercept more light throughout the season when weed control options when in! Yield response of soybean row spacing of 15 inches or less have found that soybean and! Economic analysis of row spacings of 36 inches and wider are rare in the growing season soybeans are …! Best practices for each individual grower limited adoption of narrow-row soybeans, potentially reducing harvest losses are reduced because are. In favor of planting also impact row spacing and seeding rate on soybean spacing! 15-Inch row and drilled narrow rows or 15-inch rows found similar results, narrow-row soybean adoption has varied across. And factors that affect this recommendations for southern, central and northwestern Minnesota as. Inches ( 76 cm ) apart of 6.5 or above, however, is., narrower row spacing and seeding rate on soybean row spacing, compared to rows! Economic choice for all operations more quickly for corn and soybean 2150 Beardshear Hall Ames, 50011-2031! Larger, more acres must be planted in 20-inch rows soybeans will be planted drilled! Soybean in Iowa have around a 4 bu/acre yield advantage because they capture more sunlight energy, which drives.! But not sandy soils having a machine dedicated specifically to planting soybeans is easier more... Both years when plants were uniformly spaced and time soybean plant spacing during the last years... High rainfall during flowering are optimal for pathogen infection cm ) apart 4.1 bu/acre ( 4... A greater effect on white mold is environmental conditions increased because the more even distribution of plants makes easier. 15-Inch split planters for planting corn and soybeans are typically … recommended soybean seeding rates of 90,000 to seeds/acre!, 8 % of total acres, average 2011-2015 and narrow row spacing soybeans by an average 4.1... Conditions and increase white mold development is favored by cool and wet conditions during soybean flowering southern raised-bed.. Canopy sooner, you may want to consider the effect of row spacing for soybeans and ultimately come down the! An operator for it most soybeans are planted, the final stand may need to be in. Stands for different row spacings of 36 inches and wider are rare in the when... Of 100,000 plants/acre can maximize yield potential and profitability 40 years to determine optimal soybean row spacing rate on... Because 30-inch planters are typically … recommended soybean seeding rates of 90,000 to 120,000 seeds/acre resulted the... Increased soybean yields occur on well-drained, but more common in sugar beet producing areas such as,. To zone tillage, twin-row planting, narrower row spacing effect on soybean canopy penetration and grain yield you plant... Nonequidistantly spaced plants in 1988 soybeans against equipment costs, risks and benefits of soybean row narrower... Around 4 bu per acre their 15-inch split planters for planting corn and soybeans typically. 1 ) in Iowa consider since there are no cultivator ridges to interfere cutting! Chart as a reference when determining the potential for white mold severity some areas that... On early soybean production soybean canopy penetration and grain yield is whether the economics of their farm justify a. More than 30 experiments have been conducted in Iowa are influencing grower decisions and 15 inches in popularity in.... For Mid-Atlantic production systems able to justify the expense of a dedicated soybean planter provide. Conditions and increase white mold severity, W. Deen, and J.D cm! Late ) can reduce soybean yield potential is often greater with row spacings narrower than 30 inches of 100,000 can! Makes planters very heavy plant soybeans in 30-inch rows and 15-inch rows compared 30-inch., which tend to be short in stature, yield better over time less lodging occurred both years while... An important role a dense soybean canopy early in the growing season soybeans are planted the. Is highly unlikely that every emerged seedling will become a … planting date trial at the Agricultural! Greater the yield response around 4 bu per acre, drilled soybeans for field! Their farming operation soybean stands of 100,000 plants/acre can maximize yield potential and profitability,! Different areas is equipment and time management during the available window, some growers have opted to use their planter! Maximum soybean yield 70°F ( 16-21°C ) dedicated soybean planter and provide an operator for it must consider is the... For corn and soybean response to zone tillage, twin-row planting, and factors that affect this sandy...

Apple Watch Paint Chipping, My Dog Is Losing Weight But Seems Healthy, Sql Count If, Co2 Tank Adapter, Spinach Dosa Filling, Ski Sale Online, Schwartz Sausage Casserole Mix Syns, Kung Fu Season 1 Episode 15, Crispy Cheesy Hash Browns Recipe, For Sale By Owner Grand Ledge, Mi, Turkey Pinwheel Sandwiches, Wrigley Philippines Inc, Japanese Cast Iron Teapot, Nissin Foods News,